How to Play Guide for Escape from Tarkov

This page covers the basics of combat and survival in Escape from Tarkov.

Beta Warning

 * Escape from Tarkov is presently in a Beta state of development. Features will be added and removed, and the current state of the game is not representative of the final product. Battlestate Games, the developer of Escape from Tarkov, periodically wipes all progress when a major patch is set to launch. Major patches tend to be 4-6 months apart, but can happen sooner. (A side note to what the community refers to as a "Wipe" is that one to two weeks prior to such a "Wipe" is that the developers host pre-Wipe events. Such events in the past have included a massive lowering of the prices of weapon modifications, increased rare item drops, and unlocked trader levels.)
 * Many of the systems in the game are not yet finished and are in a placeholder state, so things may break or simply not function as intended.

Basics

 * Escape from Tarkov aims to emulate the modern combat experience in the vein of ARMA. It boasts an accurate ballistic model, an in-depth health system, and an outstanding weapon modification system with few parallels in modern gaming. Escape from Tarkov's full body awareness and movement systems similarly match that of ARMA's, with features such as leaning, adjustable posture and movement speed, and a far slower pace of combat tied to the shoot and scoot mindset.
 * The weapon modification system is a primary cornerstone of Escape From Tarkov, and allows for near complete customization of every firearm you're likely to come across. This depth of weapon customization enables the user to swap out everything from the barrel of the gun to alter the caliber of the weapon, to being able to place multiple optics on the same weapon.
 * The in-game economy is similarly unique, and relies heavily upon looting and scavenging from the surroundings. You must successfully extract to be able to keep what you've found. It requires a keen eye and a quick wit to know when to get out, or when to risk gambling what you've got for that extra bit of loot.
 * Situational awareness is key to being successful in all aspects of Escape From Tarkov. Be it in spotting a wayward bit of rare loot, or realizing that that far-off bush is actually a player in disguise. As there are no HUD indicators of friends or foes, keeping a constant awareness of your surroundings is mandatory. Whilst your vision is a vital factor in identifying targets, sound will be your greatest enemy, and ally. Especially given the brutal nature of combat.

Default key bindings
It is not recommended to change key bindings as it may break certain functions.

Movement
Movement in Escape From Tarkov is more than simply sprinting or walking. It is handled differently than most other first person shooters, with the movement model trying to mimic the actual performance of a soldier encumbered with gear and weapons. It allows you to move at varying speeds, from a snail's pace which generates the least amount of audible noise, to a normal walking pace.

The way you move through a level is just as important as your ability to gun down a target in a single shot. When moving through the terrain of a map, stepping on broken glass and tile, stepping on a pile of metal debris, or walking through a bush, everything generates a different sound cue which your opposition can use to narrow down your position. Slow, steady, and thoughtful movement should be your mainstays. Be it something as simple as moving across an abandoned street, or as complex as repositioning in a firefight to flank your unsuspecting foe. How you move, how you're postured, and when you move are all vital aspects of consideration.

Be warned, Com-Tacs amplify your footsteps in clear, crisp, HD surround sound. They are a powerful tool against even the power of slow walking, and can render even the stealthiest players flatfooted when an errant footstep is heard through them.
 * Movement Speed can be broken down into three types: Sprinting, walking, and slow walking.
 * Walking requires no change or key press, it is by default your main movement speed. It is limited only by the various pieces of body armor you're wearing.
 * Sprinting can be performed by pressing    and depletes your stamina bar. Knowing how far you can travel with one stamina bar's worth of sprinting can be the difference between an engagement being lost or won. It's important to keep in mind that steadying your aim also depletes your stamina bar, so it's better to always leave yourself some wiggle room either to engage a target, or run to a different bit of cover. Sprinting also generates the highest amount of noise compared to the other methods of moving.
 * Slow Walking can be performed by pressing the   or by manually lowering your walk speed to it's lowest, by simply scrolling    To return to a higher movement speed if you've used the mousewheel, you must use   to maximize the movement bar in the bottom left portion of the UI. Slow Walking is the bread and butter of survival in Tarkov.  It generates the least amount of noise, prevents you from making noise whilst moving through foliage, and negates the effects of walking on different materials such as glass or metal. The power of moving with this method cannot be overstated, and should never be underestimated.  Beyond the standard movement types, there are two additional movement techniques. Sidestepping, and Sliding.
 * Sidestepping can be done by pressing  +   /   Sidestepping does exactly what it sounds like. There are two types of sidestepping, pressing the keys and releasing them immediately will move you one step left or right, and then immediately back to your previous position. Holding the keys will result in your keeping position until released.
 * Sliding a problematic mechanic at best, and at worst it can get you in a precarious situation. Sliding can be initiated by holding       and pressing   after you pick up enough speed. This mechanic can also be initiated by releasing    However, this method seems to be an unintended behavior of the Slide mechanic and a bug. Sliding, intentionally or otherwise, locks you into a forward movement and generates a unique noise compared to other methods.

Stances
Just as important as Movement in Escape From Tarkov, how you stand can make a world of difference to you overall survivability. Knowing when to duck is just as vital as knowing when to move. The ability to vary your stance, combined with the movement options that the game provides, permits a huge amount of flexibility in terms of tactical agility and how you can engage an opponent.

However, whilst the three standard stances are available, you are able to shift between a slew of different postures. By pressing the following keys:   +  /   Doing such enables you to peek over cover that would otherwise be impossible to see or fire over.
 * You have three standard stances to choose from: Standing, Crouching, and Prone, each with a different application, and maximum movement speed.
 * Standing allows you to move the fastest, but also makes you more visible at range and causes you to generate the most noise.
 * Crouching balances a low profile and reasonable movement speed and is excellent for taking advantage of most cover, whilst generating the lowest amount of sound.
 * Prone makes you almost immobile, but gives you excellent accuracy and greatly reduced silhouette. Paradoxically, whilst being prone, you cannot lower the amount of noise you make by moving slowly. So in most situations, being crouched is far superior to laying prone. (A very important side warning to being prone, if you reload your firearm whilst prone, you cannot move and are physically immobile until you have finished reloading your weapon. This is caused by a bug related to how Escape From Tarkov handles queuing of actions.)
 * Beyond the stances you have access to, there is also leaning to take into account. Leaning and peeking should become second nature, around every corner, every edge, every bit of cover. Exposing only a portion of yourself is far less dangerous than moving wholly out of cover. The advantages of doing so should not need to be stated.
 * The primary method of leaning is done with the   and    keys. Doing so requires holding down either key, and puts you out at a maximum lean.
 * The secondary method is to hold  +   /    This secondary method is a variable lean, and doesn't need to be held down when you release the keys. To reset your stance, press either    or

Weaponry and Equipment
Weaponry in Escape From Tarkov is your bread and butter and could have a guide written about it three times the length of this one. Be it a simple sidearm or a lead-throwing M4 with expanded magazines. The choice of what you go into a raid with is entirely yours, excluding when one goes in as a Scavenger. Firearm performance will vary wildly depending on what modifications you use, and how you use them. Where-as in most games, the overall statistics of a weapon matter far less than in other games. Learning an individual weapon's handling and kinks, be it modified heavily or a stock variant, is vital to your overall success against other players and AI opposition. The depth of the weapon systems cannot be overstated, or overlooked. Equipment in Escape From Tarkov covers a breadth of items, from bodyarmor to backpacks. Knowing what to bring along with you on a raid is critical to ensuring your success financially, and overall survival. Things like Comtacs, backpacks, vests, and body armor, are everywhere.
 * There are a slew of vital considerations when picking a weapon's modifications such as your estimated range you expect your engagement to take place in, what your intended target is going to be and if that target is armored or not, as well as how your playstyle factors into such considerations.
 * Picking your weapon's optics is very much a personal preference, but time to ADS (Aim Down Sights), and the distance you expect to have to engage from are important. Contrary to most other games, point shooting (Firing without aiming down your weapon's sights) is just as, if not more effective, than ADS in most situations. Learning how to effectively point shoot is critical to surviving engagements.
 * What ammunition you use isn't as cut and dry as the "best" statistic that a given ammo type has. Availability, if that ammunition is sold out in the traders or not, or if you've unlocked it all are further considerations. If you figure you're not going to be going up against fully geared squads of five, then you may settle on something that doesn't have a high of an armor piercing value, and instead does more overall damage to flesh. What type of magazine, and the quantity of them you take into a raid is a similar concern, as reloading ammo into an empty magazine is a dangerous proposition and virtually impossible to pull off whilst engaged. You're not limited to using a single ammunition type per magazine, but it has proven buggy and is not recommended.
 * What weapon type you decide upon, much like optics, and ammo, is further personal preference. However, It is highly recommended that you never go into a raid unarmed, as doing so will render you mostly harmless and make you an object for criticism and scorn.
 * When picking up a weapon in the field, it's always wise to do a quick magazine check, using  +    to ensure that the weapon has ammo. After doing so, checking the weapon's chamber, using   +   will ensure that you've got a round in the chamber.

What grade of armor you're wearing matters significantly, as Type II protection will do you no good against a rifle round. Just as Type VI protection will stop everything but armor piercing ammo. One important consideration is facial